What does "finishing" refer to in flatwork concrete?

In the context of flatwork concrete, "finishing" specifically refers to the process of preparing the concrete surface for use after it has been poured and leveled. This critical stage involves several techniques aimed at achieving the desired texture, appearance, and durability of the concrete surface. It often includes operations such as floating, troweling, and brooming, which help enhance the surface characteristics and provide functional benefits like slip resistance and wear tolerance.

While curing, mixing, and pouring are essential parts of the overall concrete process, they do not pertain to the finishing stage in the context of flatwork. Curing focuses on maintaining adequate moisture and temperature for the hydration process, mixing refers to combining the concrete ingredients to create a workable material, and pouring pertains to the act of placing the concrete into forms. Each of these contributes to creating a solid and durable concrete slab, but the specific actions taken during the finishing stage are what ultimately shape the usability and aesthetic qualities of the surface.